London_Minutes

COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE L'ECLAIRAGE
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION
INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMMISSION

DIVISION 2: PHYSICAL MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT AND RADIATION

Minutes of the 2000 Division 2 Meeting
Saturday, April 8, 2000
NPL, Teddington, UK: (DRAFT)


This document (in better format) in PDF is available online.

Abbreviations:

AD:    Associate Director

Brep:   Board of Administration Report

CIECB: CIE Central Bureau

CIEBA: CIE Board of Administration

CM:    Country Member

D2:     Division 2 (D1, D4, D8, likewise)

NC:    National Committee

TC:    Technical Committee

TCC:   Technical Committee Chair

TR:    Terms of Reference

ST:    Status

WG:    Working Group

ML:    Member List
Attendees:

Richard Austin    Gamma Scientific, USA (TC2-51)

Jean Bastie       BNM-INM/CNM, France (CIE Vice President)

Anton Bouman    Philips, Netherlands

Joaquin Campos   CSIC, Spain

Peter Clarke       NPL, UK (TC2-28)

Dennis Couzin     Avery Dennison, USA

George Eppeldauer  NIST, USA (TC2-48)

Teresa Goodman   NPL, UK (D2 Director)

Didier Halkin      Laborelec, Belgium

Günther Heidel    Osram Optosemiconductors, Germany

Andrew Hanson    NPL, UK (TC2-42)

Paola Iacomussi    IEN, Italy

Norbert Johnson   3M, USA (D2 AD)

Carolyn Jones      LumiLeds, USA

David King        PK Scientific, USA

Kohtaro Kohmoto   JELMA, Japan

Hans Allan Löfberg   Univ. Gävle, Sweden (CIE President)

Dave McDowell     Kodak, USA (D8 AD)

John Moore        UK (D2 Editor)

Kathleen Muray     INPHORA, USA (TC2-45)

Yoshi Ohno        NIST, USA (D2 Secretary)

Allan Ottosson      Univ. Gävle, Sweden

Jerzy Pietrzykowski  GUM, Poland

Maria Luisa Rastello  IEN, Italy (TC2-16)

J. Rennilson        RCS, USA (TC2-36)

Danny Rich         Sun Chemical, USA (TC2-39)

Terubumi Saito      ETL, Japan (representing H. Onuki)

Victor Sapritsky     VNIIOFI, Russia

Georg Sauter       PTB, Germany (D2 AD)

Paolo Soardo       IEN, Italy

Raissa Stolyarevskaya  VNIIOFI, Russia

Natasha van Tonder  CSIR-NML, South Africa (representing F. Hengstberger)

Heinz Terstiege      Germany

Ian Tutt            Trinity House, UK

Guy Vandermeersch  Laborelec, Belgium (D2 AD)

Pierce Webb        Eastman Kodak-retired, USA

Joanne Zwinkels     NRC, Canada (TC2-25)

Total 37 persons from 14 countries, including 14 country members (representatives) attended. Underlines indicate country members.
Regrets received by Secretary Carl Andersen (USA, IALA) John Arens (USA) Peter Blattner (Switzerland) John Clare (New Zealand) Antonio Corrons (Spain)* Stanko Erste (Slovenia) Arnold Gaertner (Canada) Jim Gardner (Australia) K. Ganesha (India, TC2-24) Franz Hengstberger (South Africa)* Neil Hodson (USA, TC2-32) Hiroaki Ikeda (Japan, IEC TC100/TA2) Rainer Kohler (BIPM) Ian Lewin (USA) Daniel Lozano (Argentina) Michael Matus (Austria) Calvin McCamy (USA) Klaus Mielenz (USA, TC2-35) Hideo Onuki (Japan)* Leyla Özturk (Turkey) Alan Robertson (Canada) John Scarangello (USA, TC2-46) Gan Xu (Singapore, TC2-47) Jeanne Marie Coutin (France) Reiner Rattunde (Germany, TC2-40)

* Represented by other participant.
Underlines: country members.
Handouts 1) Agenda of the 2000 Division Meeting 2) List of Division 2 TCs, Reporterships, and Liaisons
1. Call to order
The Division Director, Teresa Goodman, opened the meeting at 10:45 am, and welcomed all present. The Director expressed her thanks to Secretary Y. Ohno for his hard work to prepare for this meeting and to keep Division 2 running actively throughout the year. The Director introduced Jay Rennilson who is the president of CIE-USA and the host of the CIE 25th Session in 2003 in San Diego. Rennilson thanked Goodman and National committee of UK for the hospitality for this meeting in Teddington, and expressed his wish to welcome many people to the 2003 Session in San Diego.

2. Approval of agenda
Agenda of this 2000 Division 2 meeting (Attachment 1) was approved with no changes.

3. Approval of the minutes of the 1999 Division meeting
The minutes of the last Division meeting in Warsaw (distributed by e-mail and mail in September 1999) was approved with no corrections. The attendees were in favor of the detailed version of the last meeting minutes.

4. Director's report (T. Goodman)
Director reported one of the important issues that came up at the Board meeting in Warsaw &endash; a proposal for new membership categories. These do not replace existing membership but are additional ways that particular companies or new countries can become involved in CIE. The new categories are: 1) Associate national committee member &endash; for new countries or geographic areas that have established a new national committee, no voting rights, 2) Associate members &endash; for organizations or individuals in countries where there is no national committees or associate NCs, and 3) Supportive members &endash; for international or regional organizations and companies. Supportive members must be already a supporter of the NC and their support in those countries must not be reduced. Supportive members split into 4 different levels: Basic, Silver, Gold, and Diamond. Different levels have extra bonuses, for example, Gold members have a right to have 3 pages space in CIE news, copies of CIE publications within the company, etc. The levels depend on the fees.

5. Secretary's report (Y. Ohno)
(1) Arrangement for London meeting
Secretary first thanked Goodman and other members of NPL for various arrangements for this meeting. It was a bit pity that we had a conflict with Euromet meeting in Turkey, due to which several people could not come. Their schedule came out later without our knowledge.
(2) Country members
Div.2 currently has 34 country members, the same as last year. Since last D2 meeting, we have some changes of the country representatives; Japan (Nishi to Onuki), Romania (Ionescu to Simionescu), Russia (Ignatyev to Stolyarevskaya), and Switzerland (Blaser to Blattner).
(3) Activity Reports
The minutes of the Warsaw meeting were issued and distributed in Sep. 1999. The draft minutes were first circulated by email in August. The 1999 Activity Report was also issued and distributed in Feb. 2000. Most of D2 circulars are now distributed via email only, with documents posted on the website. Any problems with electronic circulation of documents are to be reported to Secretary. Physical mails are used only for those who have no access to email and are limited to important circulars only. Fax modem is also used for fax recipients to send email circulars (text only).
(4) Division 2 Mailing List
The D2 mailing list now contains 138 persons (last year &endash; 129). Among them, 128 have e-mail addresses (93 % of all), 4 have access to fax and 6 rely on mail. The List includes 34 country members, 20 officers of CIE and Div.2, 29 TC chairs and reporters, 8 former TC chairs, 5 liaison persons from outside organizations, and 56 associates.
(5) Email reflector & virtual TC meeting
An email reflector for Div. 2 (cie-d2@nist.gov) was established in March and is already being used actively. The subscribers are all the persons on the D2 Mailing List and not open to others. This reflector is intended for use for free discussions the people on the D2 Mailing List as well as by Secretary (and other D2 Officers) for distributing circulars. Moderated discussion is also possible to reach decisions on urgent matters. The Secretary also plans to create email reflectors for all the D2 TCs to facilitate TC work. TC chairs are encouraged to use email reflectors to hold virtual TC meetings in between physical meetings or to follow up on the physical meetings that tend to be very short.
Vandermeersch suggested to make a procedure for holding a virtual TC meeting (agenda, start date, duration, advance announcement, etc.). Hanson stressed that it is very important to set (early) deadlines for responses in such virtual meetings. Answering questions, Secretary added that attachments can be used in these email reflectors (but long ones should be posted on the website to avoid long receiving time for modem users), and these reflectors can be set up at NIST shortly. Vandermeersch suggested to have minimum rules (email titles, format, etc.) for the email list (IEC, e.g., every comment is numbered and initials of the sender, and refer to the number for response to this.) Director commented that it is an excellent idea and encourage TC chairs to use this to get TC work going as quickly as possible.
(6) D2 Website
The D2 website has been maintained to keep information up-to-date. Some changes were made: 1) new background (also used for CIE main page that is being renovated by CIE BA). On the TC page; the status records for only past two years is posted to reduce the file size. Documents submitted from TC chairs (not TC draft) are posted on these TC pages (with no passwords).
Kohmoto commented that the managing system of D2 is working very well compared with D6; all CIE divisions should apply the same system. Ohno mentioned that it is already agreed among other Division Secretaries to use the D2 website as a model for Division website (Secretary meeting in Warsaw, 1999).

6. Editor's report (J. Moore)
(1) Editing documents
Since Warsaw, no TC reports have been submitted to Editor.
(2) Status of publications
The document from TC2-33, CIE Standard Illuminants for Colorimetry has been published as ISO10526-1999/CIE005-1998, which replaces previous ISO/CIE 10526. The other document, a CIE Standard - CIE System of Photometry from TC2-35 is under Division ballot, due by the end of May. The Technical Report &endash; Pub. 54.2 Retroreflection: Definition and Measurement, from TC2-36 has finished Division ballot and is to be published. This document will replace Pub. 54-1982. (See TC2-36 report in later section) The Editor also put together a report to publish the data from now-closed TC2-22 (Luminous Flux of High-Pressure Sodium Lamps) in CIE Collection. The report includes data of partially completed intercomparison.
(3) Electronic ballot issue
The Editor has a concern on electronic balloting, which has been employed since the ballot for TC2-14 document (on measurement of reflectance and transmittance). At this ballot, we got 6 comments, and none of these were from countries that were active in the TC. The same thing has happened to the ballot for TC2-36 document. Some Division members say they never received notification in these two past votes. The Editor is not against electronic balloting but brings up a caution that system is not working and suggests that some measures be taken.
<Discussion>
Sauter commented that there should be a confirmation that the notification and document have been received so that any communication problems may be found. Goodman pointed out that these people are not sending ballot back partly because they were active in the TC and already happy with the document; another problem may be that the voting has a very long dead line, and people wait till the end and forget it. She suggested that a reminder be sent two weeks before closing. Löfberg noted that long reply time (90 days) is necessary for national committees to collect comments, and agreed to have reminders for such a long deadline. Vandermeersch mentioned that voting should reflect the position of industry and government authority of that country, and national committee should also be alert. He suggests all the NCs also receive the voting information as well as Division members. Johnson suggested that reminders be sent 30 days and 60 days rather than two weeks. Ohno suggested that it might help if Division Secretary also receives the notification and circulate the information to Division Mailing List. Sauter suggested to post the information at CIE website. Moore suggested that TC chairperson should also receive a courtesy copy of the voting document since the page layout of the voted version often changes, which causes confusion at later editing process; TC chairs should be kept informed at all stages until the document has been published.
<Consensus>
Goodman summarized and the attendees agreed that

we request CB that, when the voting notification is sent to CMs, CB also notify to the NC Secretaries that vote is underway,
ask CB to issue reminders at 30 and 60 days to those countries who have not responded,
ask CB to send a request to CMs for immediate response for confirmation of receiving the notification and document.
A courtesy copy of the voting document (and notification) should also be sent to the TC chairperson and Division Secretary and the news also be posted on the CIE website.


7. Progress report of Technical Committees
7.1 Technical Committees
Progress reports on the technical committees were given by Associate Directors. Vandermeersch reported TCs 2-23, 24, 49, 50, and reportership R2-19, 25. Johnson reported TCs 17,19, 25, 28, 30 32, 35, 36, 39, 42, 44, 51, and reporterships R2-5, 6, 23, 24, 25. Sauter reported TC2-04, 16, 29, 37, 40, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, and reporterships R2-18, 21, 22. The reports of all the TCs are shown below in the numerical order of the TCs.

TC2-04 Secondary standard sources
Chair: J. Moore (UK) AD: Sauter
ML: Bandyopadhyay (India), Corrons (Spain), Gaertner (Canada), Jiang (China), Low (USA), Metzdorf (Germany), Nishi (Japan), Schanda (Hungary)
TR: Produce a technical report on the selection and operation of stable secondary standard sources.
ST: A draft Technical Report has been circulated to the members of the TC for ballot. Provided that no serious objections are received, it is intended that the Division and Board ballot should take place later this year and it should then be possible to publish a CIE Technical Report on the selection and operation of stable secondary standard sources next year. It has already been decided to limit the coverage of the report to tungsten filament lamps. Because of the special nature of the hand-made lamps recommended for use as stable secondary standards, the report will contain a complete list of all the known manufacturers of such lamps. With recent rapid developments in digital scanning procedures, it has been possible to include a number of photographic illustrations in the report. These are not in colour, but as far as the TCC is aware, it will be the first time that photographs have been published in a CIE Technical Report.

TC2-16 Characterization of the performance of tristimulus colorimeters
Chair: M. L. Rastello (Italy) AD: Sauter
ML: Denner (South Africa), Goodman (UK), Hengstberger (South Africa), Moore (UK), Muray (USA), Ohno (USA), Rattunde (Germany), Robertson (Canada), Sauter (Germany), Schanda (Hungary), Steindl (Austria), Terstiege (Germany)
TR: To produce a report recommending methods for assessing the performance of tristimulus colorimeter heads for measuring chromaticity coordinates.
ST: Report given by TCC. The TC had a meeting on April 7th. The 5th draft was discussed. There was not enough time to go through the document. We discussed a proposal by Ohno to evaluate spectral response properties by using CRI. Some in favor, some against. There was an alternative suggestion by Schanda to use metamerism index, which is to be investigated. Schanda will discuss this with the Chair on this by email. The Chair expects commetns on the draft and the proposals from the TC members to be reflected into the next draft.

TC2-17 Recommendation for integrated irradiance and spectral distribution of simulated solar radiation
Chair: D. Kockott (Germany) AD: Johnson
ML: Aydinli (Germany), Goodman (UK), Ignatiev (Russia), Justus (USA), Kaase (Germany), Kasten (Germany), Kok (South Africa), Wilkenson (Australia), Zerlaut (USA)
TR: Revise and update CIE Publication No.20 (1972)
ST: AD Johnson has not received report from the chairman. He will re-establish contact with the chairman.

TC2-19 Measurement of the Spectral Coefficient of Retroreflection
Chair: N. Johnson (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: Arens (USA), Brekke (Norway), Fisher (USA), Hsia (USA), Hubert (France), Kurioka (Japan), Price (UK), Rendu (France), Rennilson (USA), Richey (Germany), Schreiber (Germany), Sugiyama (Japan), Terstiege (Germany), Vandermeersch (Belgium)
TR: Identify the critical measurement parameters, tolerances, and requirements for, and conduct an international intercomparison of, the spectral coefficient of retroreflection.
ST: Report given by AD Johnson. The intercomparison work has all been complete. The data are separated into two documents, one contains data, and another is intended to be a report of the intercomparison results for a CIE collection. We held on to this because of one final laboratory that were still to submit data. The Chair hopes to finish it toward the end of the year.

TC2-23 Photometry of Street-Lighting Luminaires.
Chair: G. Vandermeersch (Belgium) AD: Vandermeersch
ML: Arens (US), Blaser (Switzerland), Blochouse (Belgium), Claassens (NL), Corrons (Spain), Price (UK), Rattunde (Germany), Rossi (Italy), Simons (UK), Sorensen (Denmark)
TR: Prepare a technical report on the photometry of street lighting luminaires
ST: Report given by the TCC. The report will be an addendum to CIE 121. Three aspects will be addressed in the addendum 1) photometric data, 2) photometric methods, and 3) uncertainties. The work has not started yet because the work relies on the D4 document on photometric calculation method in public lighting, now at the final vote. The work should also have a close link to work by CEN, chaired by the same person. For uncertainty, we should consider the results of intercomparison of luminaires by European Commission, which we are still waiting for. (Iacomussi reported that it might be available this fall.) The member roster will also be revised to include Netherlands and representatives from D4.

TC2-24 Users guide for the selection of illuminance and luminance meters
Chair: K. Ganesha (India) AD: Vandermeersch
ML: Andor (Hungary), Arens (USA), Austin (USA), Bastie (France), Chang (Taiwan), Dibbern (Germany), Eppeldauer (USA), Gardner (Australia), Goodman (UK), Hengstberger (S. Africa), Moore (UK), Muray (USA), Ohno (USA), Rennilson (USA), Ritzol (USA), Sauter (Germany), Sojourner (USA)
TR: Prepare a user's guide for the selection and use of illuminance and luminance meters.
ST: The written report from the TCC was read by the AD Vandermeersch. It summarizes as follows. The TC has been active and has completed the draft of the first two chapters out of eight. The responses for the circulated drafts of these are just being received. Very good constructive comments have been received from some of the members and more are expected soon after the members find themselves free from the heavy work of the D2 meeting. The TCC proposes to hold virtual meetings on Internet and complete the work within a year at best and submit the final draft to the Division. The TCC has observed that some international brands of cheap lux meters of very poor qualities are mass-produced and sold with low prices with attractive presentations. As such, there is a great and urgent necessity to complete this users guide at the earliest. The TCC requests all the D2 members even those who are not presently the members of the TC to participate actively in the TC work. The drafts circulated already are on the web and the members can send their comments.
<Discussions>
Moore commented that he had heard nothing from the chairman though he is a member and the former TCC, but he agrees that what is proposed sounds sensible. (The Secretary will contact the chairman to make sure that his circulars be sent to all the TC members.)

TC2-25 Calibration Methods and Photoluminescent Standard for Total Radiance Factor Measurement
Chair: J. Zwinkels (Canada) AD: Johnson
ML: Bristow (Sweden), Erb (Germany), Leland (USA), McCamy (USA), Nayatani (Japan), Puebla (Germany), Racz (Hungary), Simon (USA), Witt (Germany), Verrill (UK)
TR: Prepare a CIE report on methods for measurement of total radiance factors of photoluminescent materials. Recommendations for realizing and calibrating photoluminescent standards by the one and two-monochromator method swill be included.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The TC last met in May 1999 in Vancouver, B.C. in conjunction with the Inter-Society Color Council meeting. The eighth draft of the TC report was discussed. Revisions were received to Section 2.1 on FWAs in Textiles and Paper and it was recommended to condense the information in Section 4.3 on the Effect of Instrument Polarization and to remove the description of the fluorescence-weakening method in Section 3.1 of the One Monochromator Methods. The other suggested changes were largely editorial in nature and include grouping the References together at the end of the document. These revisions are currently being implemented by the Chairman and the revised document (ninth draft) will be circulated for TC ballot by the Fall of 2000.

TC2-28 Methods of characterizing spectrophotometers
Chair: Peter Clarke (UK) AD: Johnson
ML: Andor (Hungary), Bastie (France), Berns (USA), Distl (Germany), Eckerle (USA), Konstantinova (Bulgaria), McCamy (USA), Robertson (Canada), Sugiyama (Japan), Ulyanov (Russia), Zwinkels (Canada)
TR: Write a CIE report on the characterization of spectrophotometers by means of reference materials and other methods, with particular reference to linearity, wavelength error, stray light, and integrating sphere errors.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The third draft was recently distributed, and comments received from the members. The TCC is working on the fourth draft and hopes to circulate it later this year for TC vote and to finish the document by next D2 meeting. The contents of the report was presented at the D1/D2 Joint meeting.

TC2-29 Measurement of Detector Linearity
Chair: T. Goodman (UK) AD: Sauter
ML: Andor (Hungary), Bastie (France), Bittar (New Zealand), Budde (Canada), Distl (Germany), Dezsi (Hungary), Mihailov (Russia), Mostl (Germany), Ohno, Parr (USA)
TR: Prepare a CIE guide on methods for the characterization of the linearity of detectors of optical radiation, including different principles by which the linearity of detectors can be determined and causes of non-linear behavior, to aid users of optical radiation detectors in the selection and use suitable devices for specific applications.
ST: Report given by the TCC. This TC has not progressed much in the past year to her regret. The TCC finds it exceedingly difficult to finish this work, and suggests to find another chairperson. Jean Bastie will consider taking the chair. The TCC will wait for his decision.

TC2-30 Array Radiometry
Chair: Jim Palmer (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: Abasari (Hungary), Andoh (Japan), Goodman (UK), Jones (USA), Mihailov (Russia), Pfleger (Austria), Sauter (Germany)
TR: Prepare an annotated bibliography for the CIE journal on diode array radiometry. Make appropriate recommendations for future work in diode array radiometry.
ST: Report given by the AD Johnson. This TC was reassigned to Jim Palmer recently. No information has been received from him this time.

TC2-32 Measuring Retroreflectance of Wet Horizontal Road Markings
Chair: N. Hodson (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: Austin (USA), Davies (USA), Dibbern (Germany), Hubert (France), Johnson (USA), Lundkvistl (Sweden), Meydan (Australia), Meseberg (Germany), Rennilson (USA), Schmidt-Clausen (Germany), Schnell (USA), Schreuder (Netherlands), Soardo (Italy), Sorenson (Denmark) &endash; revised August, 1999
TR: To prepare a guide for the methods of measuring coefficient of retroreflected luminance (specific luminance) of horizontal road markings under wet weather conditions.
ST: AD Johnson reported. The TC had a meeting in Warsaw. They plan a meeting and outdoor testing at the end of May in Denmark to look at wet reflectivity of pavement markings. The subject was divided into measurement of retroreflection of pave markings after rain fall and, the other is during rain fall. Testing procedures proposed are addressing questions on those two aspects. These are highly related to work of Division 4 as well. The TC will probably have a TC meeting in conjunction with Div.4 in Sep. in Toronto. They have a draft document and expect revisions after the May experiments and the Toronto meeting.

TC2-35 CIE Standard for V(l) and V'(l)
Chair: K. Mielenz (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: Bastie (France), Gardner (Australia), Hengstberger (South Africa), Moore (UK), Ohno (USA), Parr (USA), Robertson (Canada), Sauter (Germany), Schanda (Hungary)
TR: To prepare a new CIE Standard on the present V(l) and V'(l) functions.
ST: AD Johnson reported. The status was already reported in Editror's report. The document went out for Division ballot for the deadline of 31 of May. If no problem, it will then be sent for NC ballot.
<Discussion>
Ohno asked about German translation that was done before Division ballot. Sauter commented that some of the country members did not receive the document and he was one of them, but received a request from CIE CB for translation and got the document. He made the translation as requested. Together with translation, Sauter sent some comments on Annex in different format of terminology from ILV and suggested to keep the same format.
Johnson suggested that we need an immediate follow-up on the ballot. Director agreed to contact CB after the meeting. Schanda noted that the CIE procedure is to conduct Board and Division ballot in parallel. Schanda, as well as the Hungarian country member, received the ballot sheet. The document hardcopy will not be sent unless requested. All Division members should be asked to respond for confirmation. The Board should address this issue.
About translation issue, Johnson mentioned that ballots are always sent out in English. Moore suggested that we do not translate the document until we have final agreement on the English version; this is a standard and there will be another ballot by NCs, where more comments are expected, and this document has not come to the final point yet.
Schanda gave information that, at the D1 meeting on 7 April, D1 agreed to establish a new TC to define to be in a technical report. The TC to be chaired by Schanda.

TC2-36 Retroreflection: Definition and Measurement (Revision of CIE Publication 54, Liaison with CEN/226) AD: Johnson
Chair: J. Rennilson (USA)
ML: Arens (USA), Couzin (USA), Dibbern (Germany), Heenan (USA), Hubert (France), Johnson (USA), Kramp (Germany), Nanjo (Japan), Price (UK), Schmidt-Clausen (Germany), Sorensen (Denmark), Terstiege (Germany), Werner (Sweden) &endash; revised, August 1999.
TR: To revise and update publication 54. To standardize test methods and measurement geometry for measuring the photometric and colorimetric properties of all types of retroreflectors under both day and nighttime conditions. To prepare this CIE document in ISO format to be issued as a joint CIE/ISO standard.
ST: Report given by TCC. The TC has 15th draft after 8 years. The TC finished last work in Warsaw and went out for Division ballot in last September. Some members did not receive the copy. There was no negative votes but were several comments. The TC met on April 7, and spent 3 and half hours to make relatively minor changes. The 15th draft to be finished and to be sent to editor and then to CB for publication. This concludes the TC work and there will be probably no more meetings. However, important aspect is to prepare a standard from this TC. It should be the responsibility of a new committee with a new chairperson to publish a CIE/ISO standard.

TC2-37 Photometry Using Detectors as Transfer Standards
Chair: Y. Ohno (USA) AD: Sauter
ML: Andor (Hungary), Austin (USA), Bastie (France), Bittar (New Zealand), Czibula (Germany), Corrons (Spain), Dezsi (Hungary), Eppeldauer (USA), Gardner (Australia), Goodman (U.K.), Köhler (BIPM), Muray (USA), Pietrzykowski (Poland), Rattunde (Germany), Rastello (Italy), Sauter (Germany), Schanda (Hungary), Sojourner (USA), Wychorski (USA)
TR: To prepare a report on the properties of V(l)-corrected detectors that are suitable for disseminating and maintaining photometric units. This report will include methods for the use of these detectors.
ST: Report given by TCC. Apology was given for little progress made for the past year. The 6th draft is almost finished. Some terminology issues were resolved. The section for method for measuring reference plane has been rewritten to include an absolute method and some precautions in practical measurements, e.g., to use a sphere source. Next draft, hopefully a final version before TC ballot, to be circulated shortly.

TC2-39 Geometric Tolerances for Colorimetry
Chair: D. Rich (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: Baba (Japan), Bittar (New Zealand), Decarreau (France), Fisch (USA), Hanssen (USA), Jordan (Canada), Johnson (USA), Kravetz (USA), Ladson (USA), Terstiege (Germany), Pietrzykowski (Poland), Verrill (UK), Zwinkels (Canada). Consulting member: Erb (Germany). &endash; revised June 1999.
TR: Compile a technical report and recommendations specifying the geometric tolerances for the various geometries in colorimetry, including 0/45, 0/d and others. Parts of this technical report may be suitable for inclusion in a CIE standard specifying several geometric tolerance levels.
Working Program:
Utilize ISO 5/1 and ASTM E 1767 to develop a system of specifications for the geometry of color measurements. Define the specifications in the following order: Reflectance factor (t/8, d/8, d/0), radiance factor (45/0) and transmittance geometries (0/0, d/0). Specifications will be developed via computer simulation & verified experimentally.
ST: The TC met for the sixth time on 7 April in Teddington. Three committee members and twelve guests were present. Discussed the requirements to continue revisions of the first draft report. Discussed in Warsaw that we need some experimental verifications of some of the tolerances and definitions that the TC is making. One of the member sent 8MB data and begun to analyze it. Hanson also sent some data. Unfortunately other things that we agreed to add have not been submitted and we are 18 months behind. The TCC hopes to have another draft in fall, and next year to have document close to finish. See Attachment 4 for the TC Activity Report and Minutes of the Meeting, 7 April, 2000 submitted by the chairman.
<Discussion>
Moore commented that this is one of the most important documents and it is essential that these improved geometries and tolerances be made into a standard. Rich mentioned that the original TR was to produce a standard but TC decided that it was premature. Our goal is produce a technical report with all background information, and then we should be able to draft a standard version from that under a standard committee.

Related to this TC, Schanda and Sagawa added that D1 decided to establish a new committee to write a standard for colorimetry based on 15.3, with Mike Pointer as the chair. Some of the parts of 15.3 should be standardized. 15.2 is now widely used and some other documents refer to this as a standard. Participation from D2 to this committee is welcome.

TC2-40 Characterizing the Performance of Illuminance and Luminance Meters
Chair: R. Rattunde (Germany) AD: Sauter
ML: Austin (USA), Bastie (France), Czibula (Germany), Dezsi (Hungary), Goodman (UK), Khandelwal (India), Khanh (Germany), Mahidharia (India), Moore (UK), Ohno (USA), Pietrzykowski (Poland), Saito (Japan), Sauter (Germany), Stolyarevskaya (Russia), Xu (Singapore), Ye (China) &endash; revised July 1999
TR: Convert the present CIE Technical Report No. 69 into an ISO/IEC standard. Prepare a combined CIE/ISO standard describing the definitions of quantities influencing the performance of illuminance and luminance meters, as well as defining measurement procedures for the individual error quantities.
ST: The chairman was here in London, but had to leave early, and no report made this time. The draft document is on the website.

TC2-42 Colorimetry of Visual Displays
Chair: A. Hanson (UK) AD: Johnson
ML: Andor (Hungary), Berns (USA), Dalton (UK), Fairchild (USA), Ikeda (Japan), Hardis (USA), Leone (USA), Luo (UK), Maelfeyt (Belgium), MacDonald (UK), McFadden (Canada), Munger (Canada), Reid (UK), Schanda (Austria), Stokes (USA), Sakata (Japan), Stienstra (Netherlands), Ohno (USA), Vienot (France)
TR: To produce a Technical Report summarizing recommended practice for the measurement of the colorimetric and spectroradiometric properties of visual displays.
ST: Report given by the TCC. First draft distributed in January 2000, and the TC met on 7 April in Teddington with nearly 30 participants. The TC deals with emissive displays though it is not indicated in the title. The TC addresses issues in the measurement of x, y, Y - color and luminance of displays and does not deal with electronic side, characterization of displays other than color and luminance, nor appearance. Some more sections to be added for 2nd draft, which is to be circulated next spring. Then 3rd draft is planned for fall 2001 and the final document for spring 2002. A little restructuring of the document after the first outline was circulated and comments received. The current draft includes sections for display technologies, measurement technologies, measurement methods, and recommended practice. Emphasis will be made on measurement instrumentation and how to deal with errors and uncertainties. Membership list will change to include some D8 members.
<Discussion>
Rennilson asked about plasma displays. Hanson answered that if there are specific problems with any other type of displays, we can address the issues and any input is welcome. Rich commented that IEC TC100/TA2, which he serves, is drafting standards for CRT and flat panel, ahead of us. Hanson answered that we keep good liaison with them by himself as well as Ohno and others; the IEC document, as well as another one from VESA, are specifying how to characterize displays, e.g. uniformity and viewing angle, which we do not deal with in TC2-42 document. Johnson asked about liaison to D8 in this activity. Hanson answered that he keeps good contact with them. Ohno also serves as a liaison person to D8 from D2.

TC2-43 Determination of measurement uncertainties in photometry.
Chair: G. Sauter (Germany) AD: Sauter
ML: Bastie (France), Corrons (Spain), Goodman (UK), Köhler (BIPM), Moore (UK), Ohno (USA)
TR: To prepare a CIE recommendation as basis for the determination of measurement uncertainties valid for selected quantities used in photometry.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The TC met in Teddington and discussed the third draft. The format and style of the document have been agreed. The document is divided into 3 parts: the first part is a summary of information from ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty (GUM), the second part is a selection of examples, and the last part deals with uncertainty of quantities correlated. Part dealing with summary of background is accepted. Examples start with very simple questions, eg. the resolution of meter indicators, operation of incandescent standard lamps at nominal current, and how to handle correlated measurements. Still looking for examples of more practical use. More ideas of good examples are welcome.

TC2-44 Vocabulary Matters
Chair: J. Moore (UK) AD: N. Johnson
ML: Billmeyer (USA), Burghout (Netherlands), Ionescu (Romania), Johnson (USA), Köhler (BIPM), Morren (Belgium), Nishi (Japan), Ohno (USA), Poppe (Hungary), Sauter (Germany), Schanda (Hungary), Woo (Canada)
TR: To provide liaison between Div.2 and TC 7-06 "Lighting Terminology" and support the preparation of the new edition of the Lighting Vocabulary in the field of light and colour measurements.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The work is being finished. CB is to publish new ILV (International Lighting Vocabulary) soon. The new ILV will be published in electronic form, and it is proposed that this ILV be updated continuously. The Chair circulated 200 definitions and got agreement on only 20 that will be added to D2 terminology. Many terms are still in debate and could not be included in the next version: e.g., spectral mismatch correction factor, and distinction of "luminous" and "radiant" from "photometric" and "radiometric". The new ILV is planned to be published this year.
<Discussion>
Hanson asked how the ILV could be updated continuously. Moore answered that update will made more often on the disk form, and also, there is a suggestion that the vocabulary be made available on the web in the future (though there are a lot of difficulties). Johnson asked if any date associated with individual definitions available; when ILV has additions and changes, it would be useful to have information on each term when it is added or definition changed. Moore answered that the committee has no plan to do so but he agrees that it will be useful.

TC2-45 Measurement of LEDs - Revision of CIE 127
Chair: Kathleen Muray (USA) AD: Sauter
ML: Austin (USA), Bando (Japan), Balta (USA), Berkhout (USA), Bouman (Netherlands), Budzinski (South Africa), Bym (USA), Carr (USA), Distl (Germany), Ellis (USA), Fleischer (USA), Gan (Singapore), Halkin (Belgium), Heidel (Germany), Jones (USA), Kohmoto (Japan), Larsen (Denmark), Marchl (Germany), Moore (UK), Myers (USA), Ohno (USA), Rastello (Italy), Sauter (Germany), Scarangello (USA), Schanda (Hungary), Solomon (Taiwan), Stolyarevskaya (Russia), Webb (USA), Young (USA) &endash; revised Jul.00.
TR: Revise CIE Pub. 127 to include improved definitions of quantities and methods of measurement for total flux and partial flux of LEDs and to reevaluate other parts including spectral and color measurements of LEDs.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The TC had the third meeting yesterday. The second draft was presented. Major problems are still to be resolved: 1) decision on how an alternate method to replace f1' for LEDs. The same problem addressed by TC2-46. 2) How to measure luminous flux. First question is what quantities are needed. The TC is discussing the total flux (4p) and partial LED flux (2p, etc., with defined reference point). This question is highly dependent on users and applications. More discussions are planned via email. See Attachment 5 for the Summary of the Teddington TC meeting, submitted by the TCC.
<Discussion>
Heidel pointed out an error in membership list. Kohmoto mentioned that f1' is good for white LEDs which will be more practical in the future. Muray agreed to address it. Moore mentioned that the situation of flux seems similar to the case for luminous intensity. If industry use something other than the basic photometric quantities, we should define some arbitrary geometries that can be accepted by industry, just as done for intensity. Muray answered that this was exactly what we are trying to do. Sauter mentioned that total flux is not relevant to alignment and no problem, but when we measure partial flux (hemispherical) we need a reference position of LEDs to define the hemisphere. The current decision is to use the bottom of LEDs located at the plane. In case of intensity, use the tip of LEDs. Conical partial flux may also be interested, then we need definitions for such partial flux. The TC is open to more other geometries if necessary.

TC2-46 CIE/ISO standards on LED intensity measurements
Chair: John Scarangello (USA) AD: Sauter
ML: Angerstein (Germany), Bando (Japan), Bouman (Netherlands), Bym (USA), Carr (USA), Distl (Germany), Ellis (USA), Goodman (UK), Heidel (Germany), Hwang (Taiwan), Jones (USA), Lester (USA), Moore (UK), Ohno (USA), Rastello (Italy), Sauter (Germany), Scarangello (USA), Schanda (Austria), Schumacher (Germany), Sojourner (USA).
TR: To prepare a CIE/ISO standard on the measurement of LED intensity measurements based on the CIE Pub. 127.
ST: C. Jones reported representing Scarangello, sending his regret. The TC had its third meeting on April 7 in Teddington (chaired by Jones). The third draft was discussed. Some serious issues have been resolved related to calibration of photometers and radiometers for LED intensity measurements. The TC plans virtual meetings to handle some of the remaining issues.
<Discussion>
Kohmoto mentioned that the recommended LED intensity measurement is no problem for single-chip LEDs, but is a problem for three-chip type white LEDs whose optical axis and spatial distributions are different for each color. The same problem exists for white LEDs with blue chip and phosphor. He suggested a need for a new work in future for intensity measurements for white LEDs. Jones answered that such subject should be discussed with TC2-45 and 46 together.
Schanda mentioned that the recommended method (by CIE127) is to use mechanical axis, not optical axis, so white LEDs should not be a problem. Sauter mentioned that more complicated problems of three chip type LEDs should be dealt with as a cluster of LEDs (in TC2-50). Muray added that special problems of white LEDs will be treaated in 2-45 in the last section of the document.

TC2-47 Characterization and Calibration Methods of UV Radiometers
Chair: Gan Xu (Singapore) AD: Sauter
ML: Hengstberger (South Africa), Wilkinson (Australia), Lambe (UK), Rattunde (Germany), Saunders (USA), Pietrzykowski (Poland), Corrons (Spain), Larason (USA), Thompson (USA), Kohmoto (Japan), McArthur (Canada), Kravetz (USA)
TR: Prepare a CIE recommendation on methods of characterization and calibration of broad-band UV radiometers in the spectral ranges of UVA and UVB for industrial applications.
ST: Report given by AD Sauter. Gan Xu regrets for not being able to be present. Not much progress has been made since Warsaw meeting. The TCC has been in contact with some members of the committee and UVnet WG1 leader to exchange opinions on the content of the new document, and have started to write the introduction and calibration parts. However, opinions are still divided and decisions remain to be made on the following points; whether CIE should adopt the major part of the UVNet WG1 document on UV measurements; whether or not it is meaningful to follow the same approach as in photometry for the characterization of UV meters, taking into consideration that the spectral mismatch in UV measurement is much worse and more complicated than the photometric measurement. The TCC will summarize the situation shortly and write to the members for consensus. The TCC also hopes that the TC has chances to meet either later this year or the first half of next year and have planned to get the first draft ready for discussion by then.

TC2-48 Spectral responsivity measurement of detectors, radiometers, and photometers
Chair: G. Eppeldauer (USA) AD: Sauter
ML: Austin (USA), Boivin (Canada), Bouman (USA), Corrons (Spain), Coutin (France), Dezsi (Hungary), Gardner (Australia), Goodman (UK), Köhler (BIPM), Larason (USA), Larsen (Denmark), McArthur (Canada), Ohkubo (Japan), Palmer (USA), Pietrzykowski (Poland), Rattunde (Germany), Sauter (Germany), Webb (USA), Xu (Singapore),&endash; revised Aug. 99.
TR: To rewrite the technical report CIE 64 (1984) "Determination of the spectral responsivity of optical radiation detectors" to update device and measurement technology, and include the spectral irradiance responsivity measurement for radiometers and photometers from UV to near IR.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The TC met on April 8 in Teddington. In the new report, we are including modern detectors and also discusses not only spectral power response (beam geometry) but also spectral irradiance response (overfilled geometry) and radiance response measurements. New report describes measurement geometries, methods, setups, and uncertainties. The outline of the first draft was discussed in Warsaw and the scope and table of contents agreed. Since then the second draft (40 % done) was produced and discussed this time. Many suggestions have been made, and the TCC will work on the slight change of the structure and write the rest of the document. The TCC plans to finish the work in three years.

TC2-49 Photometry of Flashing Light
Chair: Y. Ohno (USA) AD: Vandermeersch
ML: Arens (USA), Austin (USA), Berkhout (USA), Couzin (USA), Ellis (USA), Eppeldauer (USA), Goodman (UK), Hengstberger (South Africa), Köhler (BIPM), Kondo (Japan), Rattunde (Germany), Sagawa (Japan), Schmidt-Clausen (Germany), Sauter (Germany), Webb (USA) &endash;revised June 2000.
TR: Produce a technical report for photometric measurements of flashing light, including derivation of the photometric quantities applied to flashing light, measurement of light sources, and calibration of photometers for flashing light.
ST: Report given by the TCC. The TC had its second meeting in London, April 7, 2000 and discussed the new draft (partial draft 0.2). The definition of effective intensity was mainly discussed. The current draft employs the definition of Schmidt-Clausen's Form- Factor method. A problem on the Form-factor method was raised and a proposal (to use convolution) was made by D. Couzin et al, claiming that the Form-factor method would give erroneous values when a narrow pulse is superimposed on a slow pulse. The TC did not agree to adopt the proposed method that has no publication and not enough supporting data. Such investigations would belong to D1. To address such a problem, the TCC suggested to incorporate low-pass filtering (with a time constant short enough not to alter the slow pulse). As there was no time to discuss other parts of the document, the TCC plans to hold a virtual meeting to follow up the discussion.

TC2-50 Measurement of the optical properties of LED clusters and arrays
Chair: G. Sauter (Germany) AD: Vandermeersch
ML: C. Jones (USA), J. Scarangello (USA), Xu Gan (Singapore), J. Arens (USA), T. Goodman (UK), D. Halkin (Belgium)
TR: To produce a technical report for the measurement of optical properties of visible LED arrays and clusters, to derive optical quantities for large LED arrays and recommendations for measurement methods and conditions.
ST: The report given by the TCC. This TC was established in Warsaw last year. The start of the work delayed due to major changes of the companies of the initial TC members who proposed the TC. However, at the last ad-hoc meeting on LEDs on April 6th, we are given clear directions of what to do. The proposals in IEC (TC34-A) on photometry of white LEDs include measurement of clusters and arrays, and the photometry part should be handled by CIE &endash; this TC. There is standardization work in progress in Japan, and this TC will be in close contact with the Japanese group. The work is urgent and the TCC expects active participation and contributions by many members.
<Discussions>
Vandermeersch commented that the specifications of LED lamp sources will be covered by IEC34-A (lamps) but the aspect of photometry will be transferred to CIE, which was agreed at the last October meeting in Kyoto. They will meet next week in Helsinki.

TC2-51 Calibration of diode-array spectrometers
Chair: Richard Austin (USA) AD: Johnson
ML: T. Goodman (UK), G. Hopkinson (UK), S. Prince (UK), Pietrzykowski (Poland), R. Smith (USA), R. Bergman (USA)
TR: To produce a technical report which sets out guidelines for the recommended procedures, methods and transfer standards for the calibration of diode array spectrometers.
ST: This committee was formed in Warsaw. Technical report that sets up guidlelines and recommended procedures to calibrate such devices. There are in much more use in the past and parallel in performance to scanning instruments. Provide a guideline, maybe in appendix, for people to allow to make decisions on what sort of measurements or results they can expect. The initial meeting will be held in Rochester in May 8-10 in conjunction with CORM2000. CORM has a new committee CR6 on this subject which Austin is assisting. Hope to have a first draft before the Rochester meeting.
<Discussions>
Clarke asked about dealing with spectrophotometers. Austin answered that this TC will deal with spectral radiance and irradiance measurements for sources. There are many similar parameters as spectrophotometers but they apply slightly different in terms of input geometry and calibration methods. Goodman hopes that the document also includes spectrophotometers. Goodman has some document that may be useful for the document and will send it to Austin. Moore commented that he sees the two, spectrophotometry and spectroradiometry, have important differences and are not closely related.


7.2. Reporterships

R2-05 Visual Gloss (J. Taylor, UK) AD: Johnson
ST: No report from Taylor this time.
<Discussion>
Rich mentioned that, last week at TC130 meeting, WG4 has been working on a draft of standards for measurement of visual gloss - a form of gloss to be used in graphic arts industry, in which they measure gloss and at the same time a component related to diffuse reflectance in order to correct the gloss scale for changes of average diffuse reflectance. The standard is about to come out as draft standard.

R2-06 Standardization of Measuring Geometry for the Colorimetry of Metallic Coatings (C. McCamy, USA) AD: Johnson
ST: A written report submitted from McCamy (See Attachment 2). It summarizes as follows. Both ASTM and DIN have continued to pursue standardization of a method of measuring the colors of metallic materials. The German work is nearing completion and the standard will probably be issued at about the time of the CIE meetings in UK this April. The American standard is near completion and the committee responsible for it is turning to the somewhat more complex task of standardizing measurement of the colors of materials containing interference pigments. There has been divergence of opinion on the choice of angles for measuring metallic materials. The largest aspecular angle in the proposed German standard is 75º, while that in the American proposal is 110º. The German proposal includes some mandatory tolerances. American standards do not usually contain tolerances except where matters of safety are involved. These differences in standards will present a substantial problem to the paint and plastic industries. No effort yet to standardize the measurement of materials containing interference pigments. McCamy recommends considering formation of a technical committee and suggests asking Dr. Allan B.J. Rodrigues of DuPont in the United States to chair the committee, who is a leader in the metallic paint industry and is the chairman of the ASTM committee on this subject. (to be discussed in section of new TC)
<Discussion>
Terstiege added that German standards committee recently met and finished the German standards as DIN standard, to be published in August-September this year.

R2-18 OIML Matters (G. Sauter, Germany) AD: Sauter
ST: Sauter reported. There are currently no activities that need actions by CIE but some issues may come up in illuminance measurement. The reporter suggests to keep this reportership open.

R2-19 Emergency Lighting Luminaires (Lou Bedocs, UK) AD: Vandermeersch
ST: The details on this issue was discussed at the ad-hoc meeting on April 7. The written report from Bedocs was read by Vandermeersch. An assessment of the photometry of emergency lighting luminaires was made. The findings indicate that the emergency lighting luminaires have to provide lighting conditions similar to normal luminaires but at much lower levels, and at a specified time after turning on for a set period. Therefore, emergency lighting luminaires can be treated as a special variant of standard luminaires. There are two types of luminaires, self-contained with power source built in, and those with remote power sources. The photometry of these two types of luminaires can be made by the testing procedures given in CIE 121 (Photometry and Goniophotometry of Luminaires). There is a need to provide additional correction factors on the relative output of the luminaires and circuit as specified times of operation. Also it is necessary to provide ballast lumen factor for the luminaire circuit. Recommendations: D2 should agree that no new separate publication be produced for photometry of emergency luminaires. D2 should publish an addendum to CIE 121 which should contain the definitions and meanings of the photometric factors together with examples how to apply them. D2 to terminate this reportership. (See later section for New Reporterships.)

R2-21 Use of detectors as absolute transfer standards for spectroradiometry (N. Fox, UK) AD: Sauter
ST: Goodman reported. Much work is going on in the use of absolute transfer standard detectors for spectroradiometry, but is not yet at a stage to establish a TC. Fox suggests to keep the reportership open.

R2-22 Implementation of SI Photometric Units (R. Köhler, BIPM) AD: Sauter
ST: Sauter reported. Köhler sent a message stating that, due to the fact that there are no real activities to create new V(l) function in near future, he recommends to close down this reportership.
<Discussion>
Sauter mentioned that we just learned from D1 that V10(l) will be defined. Schanda mentioned that this could be a liaison issue. Separate from this, he made a comment that, every year Division gets report of a few lines from many of the reporterships and no proposals. If a lot of things are happening, we should have more detailed reports. Moore mentioned that the principle function of the reporter is to make a recommendation whether or not we should have a new TC or not. Sagawa mentioned that Kohler is the official liaison person in D1 for D2. Goodman proposed to close this reportership because we have liaison to CCPR through Kohler and this will do the job when the issue has come up. The Division agreed to close the reportership with no objection.

R2-23 ISO/CIE Standards for the measurement of reflectance and Transmittance (Danny Rich) AD: Johnson
ST: Rich reported. As this is the first report from this reportership since its inception at the Division 2 meeting in Warsaw last summer, the reporter do not have a great deal of new information to report. The reporter has found some technical errors in Publication CIE 130 that he has reported to the Division Secretary and requested independent verification. There is a round-robin being conducted in a CORM technical subcommittee on Optical Properties of Materials on diffuse reflectance using research grade instrumentation over the range 360 nm to 780 nm at 5nm intervals. The current plans are to have four industrial research labs participate and the results will be presented at the 2001 CORM meeting in Gaithersburg, MD just prior to the next Division 2 meeting.

R2-24 Classification of Color Measurement instrument (Ohno) AD: Johnson
ST: Ohno reported. This reportership was established in Warsaw by request from D8. There is the same reportership in D8 with Ohno as the reporter. D8 likes to have guidelines as to how accurate various color measuring instruments are, and in what cases what kind of instruments should be used. Problem is that the performance (the uncertainty) of the instruments is not clear from manufacturer's catalogs. E.g., in case of display measurements, they show uncertainty for only CIE illuminant A (which is similar to repeatability of the instrument) and users tend to believe this is the uncertainty for measurement of all colors of display. The errors can be one order of magnitude higher for display colors. They like to have a standardized way to characterize or evaluate the uncertainties of these instruments and thereby to grade the performance, as being done for illuminance meters in TC2-40 (class A, B, C, etc.). Ohno has an idea of using color rendering index (CIE 13.3) as presented at TC2-16 meeting on 7 April, and will investigate this further. Ohno suggests to keep this reportership open for another year.
<Discussion>
Answering question from Dave McDowell, Ohno mentioned that this would include spectrophotometers as well as spectroradiometers for displays. Rich asked 1) how one can separate the instrument performance for displays from the performance to reproduce surface colors (CIE13.3), 2) those sampling of Munsell space (CIE13.3) is designed for spectral distribution of lamps with low chroma. An instrument that can measure these 13.3 samples may fail to measure other high-chroma samples accurately. Ohno commented that these details should be studied but he hopes that the differences of measurement targets (between lamps and samples) may correlate well and hopes to come up with an index like f1'. McDowell suggested to investigate different metamors, e.g., spectral reflectance curves with more abrupt changes. Ohno mentioned that the reference samples can be replaced by other colors and these problems need to be investigated and asked for help.

R2-25 Liaison with IALA (Ian Tutt) AD: Vandermeersch
Report given by Tutt, who is a member of IALA (International Association of Lighthouse Authorities). IALA is revising "Standard for Photometry of Marine Aids-To-Navigation Signal Lights (1977)" under a working group established last June. This is designed to complement 1977 document and to be seen as a standard. The draft will go to IALA Engineering Committee after Easter when they next meet. If they accept it, they look towards approval of this document by CIE as a CIE standard. The IALA committee will welcome any comments on the comments. Any one need to see copies, contact Secretary. The document recommends the use of Schimidt-Clausen's method to calculate effective intensity for flashing light. During this process, we compared various LED beacons using existing methods. There are several methods included in the document including "zero-length photometry" &endash; a specific technique for measuring search lights.
<Discussion>
There was a question about the term zero-length photometry. Moore suggested that terminology in this area be carefully determined and possibly to be included in the ILV. Tutt added that there is a proposed study in Europe on visual perception and measurement of flashing lights. Trinity House is a partner of the study. The proposal is at European Commission for their approval.

7.3. Liaison report

CCPR (Köhler)
No report received this time.
<Discussion>
Sauter, as a CCPR working group member, gave the following information. The MRA (mutual recognition agreement) for equivalence of the units among national laboratories was signed in October 1999. To achieve the equivalence, so-called Key Comparisons are carried out, first at the CCPR level, then at RMO (Regional Metrology Organization) level. The Key Comparison for luminous intensity and luminous flux using transfer standard lamps have just been finished with the final draft approved. 16 countries participated at the CCPR level and 10 participated in the European RMO intercomparison for the luminous intensity and luminous flux units.

IEC TC34A on Lamps, TC34D on Luminaires (Vandermeersch)
Vandermeersch reported. As discussed at the ad-hoc meeting on white LEDs the day before, the proposals on white LEDs were made last year in TC34A. The work has not started at IEC. The decision will be taken next week in Helsinki, regarding the part to be submitted to CIE Div. 2. This question was also discussed in TC34D (luminaires). This new type of LED lamps are already used for signaling of emergency luminaires. Arrays of white LEDs, where we have a problem that we have no requirements for uniformity of luminances of this type of signs. Vandermeersch is a liaison in this committee for CIE, and liaison is working well.

IEC TC100/PT61966 -Colour Measurement and Management in Multimedia System (Y. Ohno)
Ohno reported. Written report received from H. Ikeda, reporting that the former PT61966 has been restructured as TA2 (Technical Area 2) and that they had the first TA2 meeting in Tokyo a few weeks ago. The meeting minutes are on the D2 website. Liaison is maintained at D2 level (Ohno) and also by TC2-42. TA2 appreciates first draft of TC2-42. Many documents are being developed in TA2 and some D2 members (Ohno, Schanda, Hanson, and Rich) reviewed these documents (not all and not completely) and sent comments. The sRGB standard (Part 2) has been published last October. Part 3 (CRT) and 4(LCD) both have just been published. Part 5 (Plasma display) and Part 6 (Image projection) are being developed. Part 9 (Digital camera), which Ohno made some contribution last year, is in its final stage. They plan to develop some more documents.
<Discussion>
Schanda mentioned that this group is working extremely hard and very fast. Part 1 is the area CIE should be responsible. CIE should start working on it as soon as possible. Ohno will look into this for necessary action by D2.

JTAG2 &endash; ISO/IEC Joint Technical Advisory Group 2 (Y. Ohno)
McDowell, the chair of JTAG2 was present to give a report. This is a joint ISO IEC committee to coordinate among all ISO, IEC, and CIE committees involved in imagery. Measurement is a big part of the coordinating activity. JTAG2 meets every 9 months. Currently CIE representative to that is Tim Kohler from CIE D8 (Alan Robertson formerly represented CIE). He will send reports to D2 Secretary. Now there are not much issues that directly affect D2. Mainly it is a forum for exchange of concerns and recommendations to CIE and IEC committee for action and ISO technical management board. One important thing that occurred recently is that JTAG2 made a recommendation that procedures be modified to enable true joint activities between CIE, IEC and ISO. Today if we want to have a joint standard with CIE/IEC/ISO logo, the only process is to develop a document in one organization and sent to others for yes/no vote. There is no mechanism in place for truly joint development. We welcome any concerns you have, sent to Tim Kohler or McDowell. If D2 or D1 sees enough concerns on imagery issues and they wish to have representative, it would be possible, too.
There are a number of related activities. ISO TC42 photographpy and ISO TC130 graphics arts are two image committees that interact most with CIE. IEC/TC100 multimedia, an IEC committteee that deals with characterization of display devices, as well as printers, cameras and detectors. TC42 photography is also looking at characterization of electronic capture devices. TC130 as well as industry consortium, ICC, who are developing color management techniques and characterization of output devices. McDowell is AD of D8 for liaison. True joint activity is important and we make sure that imaging community keep CIE informed.

ISO TC6/WG3 Paper, board & pulps (J. Zwinkels)
Zwinkels reported. Written report already submitted to Secretary (see Attachment 3). This committee will meet in Vancouver in September. Number of issues that is interest within this WG. One of these is the standard for measurement of gloss at 20°. Question is which refractive index, wavelength, and standard illuminant should be used in the definition, and the calibration of reference instruments &endash; specialized spectrophotometers at d/0 geometry defined by ISO2469. Past year Zwinkels reviewed two ISO draft standards and sent to CIECB, One was determination of color in C/2 geometry. Another ISO draft standards called "Paper and board: Measurement of specular gloss - 75° gloss with a converging beam, TAPPI method". Gave extensive comments and raised concerns over their relaxation of the geometric tolerances. Pointed out that these tolerances were unacceptably large and contrary to the findings in published studies on the instrument variables. Another ISO 2469 Measurment of Diffuse Reflectance Factor is now under revision. ISO 2470 Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) is also under active revision. Received correspondence from Secretary about a concern raised by Ellen Carter that the ISO subcommittee was defining the UV content of Illuminant C for measurement of fluorescent materials. A reply was sent to her to clarify that the committee is proposing to redefine ISO brightness and not to redefine Illuminant C. Zwinkels will follow up on this committee to make sure they will not violate the CIE's territory.

ISO TC 180/SC 1: Solar energy/Climate - Measurement and data (Dieter Kockott)
No report has been received this time.

Division 8 (Ohno)
Ohno reported. D8 added a new TC8-06 (Image Technology Vocabulary) chaired by Schanda. TC8-02 has a very comprehensive draft and some interest by D2. D8 has a reportership (Grading of instruments) &endash; the same one as R2-24 as reported above. D8 will meet in Derby after this D2 meeting. See Attachment 7 for the summary of the status of D8.
Moore commented that grading of instruments is very important and is something that D2 has been concerned for a long time.

8. Dissolution of TCs and other functions
Division 2 agreed as follows.
(1) R2-22 Implementation of SI Photometric Units, is to be closed as proposed by the reporter.

(2) R2-19 Emergency Lighting Luminaires, is to be closed since a new TC is to be established from the reportership (See next section).

9. Proposal for NEW TCs and Reporterships

New TCs

(1) Photometry of Emergency Lighting Luminaires (Vandermeersch)
TR: To produce an addendum to CIE publication 121 containing specific requirements for the photometry of emergency lighting luminaires, in particular to provide additional correction factors on the relative output of the luminaires at specified times of operation.

Vandermeersch proposed to establish this new TC, as proposed from R2-19 by Bedocs. Keep the same document number since this document (CIE121) is already referred in other European and international documents. The addendum will define proper correction factors for use in emergency luminaires, and also provide practical methods to measure such type of luminares because the total luminous flux of luminare is to be measured as a function of time, and an integrating sphere must be used rather than a goniophotometer.
<Discussion>
Answering a question by Moore, Vandermeersch added that the correction factor is due to the fact that normally all meausrements for luminaires are expressed in cd/1000 lumens using catalog lumen values of bare lamps, but in emergency luminaires, the flux of bare lamps are quite different because of built-in power supplies and operation time. Moore also asked if any correction is needed for mesopic region. Vandermeersch answered that photopic value is used over 30 years and this cannot be changed. Sauter suggested to give a better terminology for this correction factor. Vandermeersch volunteers to chair this TC with help of Bedocs and other members. Schanda commented that we need to be very careful with CIE-IEC-CEN coorperation as he remembers that final votes for documents often came out with one or two negative votes from European countries because the document is not identical with the CEN draft; it is critical to work with CEN committee at early stage.
<Decision>
D2 agreed unanimously to establish this new TC.

(2) CIE/ISO standards on retroreflectance measurements (Rennilson)
A proposal made from Rennilson to publish a CIE standard on retroreflectance, by taking the important contents from the TC2-36 report (Revision of Pub. 54 to be published).
<Decision> Since the TR and chairperson have not been proposed, Division agreed to defer the decision. Rennilson will prepare proposed TR and chairperson and circulate first to TC2-36 members. The Division will then vote by email.

(3) Measurement of metallic coatings (McCamy)
A new TC was proposed in the McCamy's report for R2-06. Johnson explained that the proposal is to take the work by ASTM and DIN committee to issue a standard and turn this into an international document that would recommend the measurement angles, calibrations, and other aspects of measurement for metallic materials.
<Decision>
Since a TR was not prepared, Division agreed to wait to see it before voting. Johnson will work with McCamy to prepare TR and to circulate it for division voting.

(4) Definition of star magnitude (Rastello)
Rastello relayed the proposal from Paolo Soardo. The tentative TR is to establish the relationship between astronomical magnitude and the SI unit, lux. The reason for this proposal is present tension on lighiting polution problem. Some documents have already been issued by Div.4. Liaison to be made with D4 and IAU (Internationa Astronomers Union). The objective is to write a technical report then later to publish a CIE standard.
<Discussion>
The proposal was not clearly understood (Moore et al). Schanda mentioned that other Divisions (4 and 5) deal with astronomical communities (stray light, dark sky, etc), and suggested to bring it up at next board meeting to ask their opinion, then if necessary, to establish a reportership to collect information to made judgement. Rennilson mentioned that we should get input from IDA(International Darksky Association), and try to get information.
<Decision>
Director will bring up this issue at next Board meeting to get inputs from other Division directors and, if it is found necessary, will establish a reportership.


10. General Issues
(1) Handling of TC documents on the website
We had some discussions by email before this meeting. To summarize it, we have three possible options &endash; 1) have the draft totally open, 2) restrict to people on the D2 mailing list with a global password, 3) restrict each document for TC members only with each password for each TC. We need to bear in mind that CIE drafts should not be available for CIE non-experts. Code of practice says the draft documents are only available for TC members. If we did other than option 3), we would be against the code of practice. Reason is that there are often errors in early drafts, and wide dissemination of such could be a lot of confusion and damage the reputation of CIE. Also, publication is a valuable source of income of CIE. Draft toward at their final stages is quite temptation for some people to use it rather than buying the documents.
Ohno suggested another option to combine option 2 or 3 above, choose the ways depending on the TCs and the stage of the draft. The decision may be left to TC chairs. Ohno mentioned that he could set up the D2 website for any of these options. Sauter mentioned that, if we choose option 3, there is a possibility that some people become a member of TCs only to get draft documents. Goodman answered that it is left to discretion of TC chairperson to accept only those members who are contributing to the TC. Terstiege agreed to Sauter's comment. Schanda pointed out that the code of practice says it is a task of TC chairperson to drop inactive members. Moore suggested that TC chairs should be warned for this practice. Moore commented that he prefers option 3 and is against option 1. N. Johnson suggests to differentiate between the draft and the approved document by clear background on the document saying "DRAFT", then it would be no problem to have it open. Rennilson mentioned that National Comiittees can request anyone from the country to be on the committee whether or not he or she contribute to TC or not. Schanda answered that such person can be accepted first, but later should be dropped. Austin commented that, option 3 can still work for Johnson's concern because if some non-members ask for a draft copy, the TC chair can send it electronically to such persons under his discretion. Löfberg is hesitant to have drafts open to everyone. People still have access to the list of TC, TR, and other information on TCs, so if people are really interested in some draft document, they can contact TC chairs or someone and they can get the document. He suggests to use option 3 or combination of option 2 or 3. Goodman asked, if we have individual password for each TC, could it be possible to update the password to exclude inactive members? Ohno answered it is technically possible. Kathleen thinks option 3 is the best option, but regarding to excluding inactive members, she wonders what is the definition or the rules to decide who is actively participating TCs. Goodman answered that it is up to the TC chair. Schanda suggests to visit CIE website to see the Code of Procedures. Sauter suggested to charge a very small amount of price to visit the draft page on the website, then the problem of the income may be solved. Goodman answered that it is beyond what we can decide here.
Director Goodman took vote on the options from all the participants. The result was 7 for option 1, 10 for option 2, and 10 for option 3. Goodman suggests that we choose option 3 for the moment because of the Code of Practice, but will present this at the board for discussion and their advice on this issue.
(2) Other subjects
Due to shortage of time, other subjects on the agenda will be discussed via email reflector.

11. Future meetings
2001
May 16-19 at NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, in conjunction with CORM2001 (Council for Optical Radiation Measurements) on May 14-16 and with the NIST Centennial Celebration. D2 main meeting will be Saturday, May 19.
2002
As there have been no proposals from any countries, Director suggested to have another joint meeting with Division 1 (planned in conjunction with AIC Session in Slovenia). Schanda also offered an invitation to Univ. of Veszprem in Hungary. Any other proposals can still be considered.
2003
San Diego, California, USA, around last week of June to first week of July, as a part of CIE 25th Quadrennial Session.

12. Adjournment
The Division 2 meeting was adjourned at 5:30 pm.

Attachments
(1) Agenda of the 2000 Division 2 Meeting
(2) R2-06 report, March 17, 2000 (C. McCamy)
(3) ISO TC6 WG3 report (J. Zwinkels) - PDF
(4) TC2-39 Committee Activity Report and Minutes of the Meeting, April 7, 2000 (D. Rich) - PDF
(5) TC2-45 APRIL 6, 2000 Teddington Meeting; Summary of Results (K. Muray) - PDF
(6) TC2-49 Committee Activity Report, April 2, 2000 (Ohno) - PDF
(7) Summary of CIE Division 8 (Ohno) - PDF